Animal testing should not be banned Research Paper

Animal testing should not be banned - Research Paper Example Since the Roman Church had burned dissecting of human beings, researchers opted to go the animal way as they provided the best alternatives to human being and indeed, animal testing should not be forbidden considering that animal testing is beneficial for science field. One of the primary reasons of performing animal experiment is that animal testing is beneficial for science field. Scientists and doctors argue that every achievement in medical field in 20th century has relied on the use of animals in some way. Thus, scientists have prior knowledge and experience of using animal testing in carrying out experiments for many years (â€Å"National Academics Press† 12.) First, animal testing plays an essential role in developing the surgical field. According to Cooke (18), toxicologists have the responsibility of determining the level of exposure that is either safe or harmful to human health, animals as well as to the environment. Certain reasons make it necessary to use animals in scientific research and testing. By the fact that the composition of all organisms is chemical, introduction of a substance into the animal interacts in various parts of the body and effects of one process could bring unexpected consequences in others. It is important to understand the relationship between dosages given to a person and those administered to different organs and body tissues. Studies conducted on a whole animal are very important for ensuring proper use of beneficial chemicals to avoid causing harmful effects to receiving organs. Laboratory tools such as tests and computers cannot make a duplicate of the phenomena and thus the only sure method of testing is the use of animals. A study on chemical interaction with living organisms normally helps scientists to unveil some of the most fascinating mysteries of living organisms functioning. There is a dynamic relationship between plants, environment, and animals. According to McCally (1), the physiological processes al low living systems process chemicals that are in constant balance with the world. Scarce information relating to these fundamental processes is available. When disturbed by increasing levels of one substance, the measure of available toxic level becomes credible (Connel, et al. 102). Toxicologists in understanding chemical toxicity of substances have developed critical knowledge. The knowledge is important in protecting human beings, animals as well as the environment from both artificial and natural exposures. Animal testing is an important procedure in ensuring drug`s safety and efficiency. All chemicals, whether harmful or otherwise, have harmful effects to people if administered in wrong proportions. Any small amount of a useful or harmful substance when administered hardly causes a detectable significance in the body of a human. According to Cooke (18), toxicologists have the responsibility of determining the level of exposure that is either safe or harmful to human health, ani mals as well as to the environment. It is important to understand the relationship between dosages given to a person and those administered to different organs and body tissues. Studies conducted on a whole animal are very important for ensuring proper use of beneficial chemicals to avoid causing harmful effects to receiving organs. The process of making medicines, beauty products, foodstuffs, and chemicals for use in the environment requires mixing of different kinds of chemicals in

Consultation, Screening and Delegation in Physical Therapy Case Study

Consultation, Screening and Delegation in Physical Therapy - Case Study Example Florida’s PT practice act requires practicing PT practitioners to meet the minimum requirements for safe practice. Thus, those presenting danger to patients or falling below minimum competency should be prohibited from practice according to Florida Physical Therapy statutes and rules as outlined in the legislative intent of Chapter 486. The PT involved the athletic trainer clinic manager in supervising and acting during intervention contrary to the requirement of using a PT assistant (PTA) as stated by the practice act. Moreover, the PT remained absent to offer direct supervision for direction of actions and consultation when the patient felt popping noise and severe pain in his shoulder. The unsupervised home exercises undertaken by the patient do not match the act requirement for physical therapy assessment involving licensed PT. The act also requires licensed PT to be of noble moral character unlike the remark made by the athletic trainer when the patient complained of seve re pain (The Florida Legislature, n.d.). Similarly, American Physical Therapy Association (APTA) guidelines provide resources and support to its members in establishing and sustaining efficient physical therapy practices in diverse settings. Adequate knowledge and appropriate skills in the administration and management of practice remain essential for APTA members whether practicing as an employee, owning a practice, managing a facility, or directing a department.